What is swelling? Any increase in the size or a change in the shape of an area of the body is called swelling. It can be caused by collection of body fluid, tissue growth, or abnormal movement or position of tissue. Each one of us is bound to have some sought of swelling some time in our lives. During hot weather, if one has stood or sat in the same place for a long time, one might notice a swelling in the feet and ankles. Staying in one position for any length of time increases the risk that the lower legs, feet, or hands will swell as body fluid will normally move down a limb from the effects of gravity. Swelling may also be caused by heat-related problems, like heat edema from working or being active in a hot environment. Body fluids may collect in different tissue spaces of the body (localized) or they can affect the whole body (generalized).

Some Causes of Localized Swelling -

A huge list of causes can be drawn for localized swelling; however we shall only be discussing a few common causes. Injury to any specific body area may result into swelling. In case of an under skin or joint infection, an abscess (a pocket of pus that forms at the site of infected tissue) which is a type of swelling is formed. Even inflammation resulting from tissue irritation by overuse or repeated motion can be a common cause for swelling. Swelling of the sac that cushions and lubricates the joint (bursitis) can be caused due to prolonged or repeated pressure or by activities that require repeated twisting or rapid joint movement.

Some Causes of Generalized Swelling -

A few common causes of generalized swelling will include the following -

Allergic reaction -
A sudden swelling of the hands and face can be a result of a severe allergic reaction and will require immediate medical evaluation.

Autoimmune diseases -

Like lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and scleroderma can cause swelling when the body produces antibodies and other cells that attack and destroy tissues in the body.

Medications -

Some medications also change the way body fluids circulate, causing swelling.